The most recent toothbrush models include handles that are straight, angled, curved, and contoured with grips and soft rubber areas to make them easier to hold and use. Besides the materials, the basic design has not changed since the times of the Egyptians and Babylonians. All toothbrushes include a handle and a bristle-like head to clean the teeth. The toothbrush has evolved over its long history to become a scientifically designed tool using modern ergonomic designs and safe and hygienic materials that benefit us all.
Like toothbrushes, Egyptians used a paste to clean their teeth around B. Ancient Greeks and Romans are also known to have used toothpaste, and people in China and India used toothpaste around B.
Ancient toothpaste was used to whiten teeth, freshen breath, and clean teeth and gums as we use it today. However, the materials were more abrasive and not as hygienic. Some ingredients of ancient toothpaste included grounded-up ox hooves' ashes, burnt eggshells, and pumice. Ancient China used a wide variety of toothpaste ingredients over time, such as ginseng, herbal mints, and salt. Ancient Greeks and Romans' toothpaste ingredients included crushed bones, oyster shells, charcoal, and tree bark.
The development of the kind of toothpaste we're used to began in the s. Before the s, toothpaste was a powder. Early versions in the s contained soap or chalk. Betel nut was included in toothpaste in England around the s too. Later in the s, some homemade toothpaste used ground charcoal, similar to ancient Greek versions.
In , Colgate started the mass production of toothpaste in jars. Colgate introduced its toothpaste in a tube similar to modern-day toothpaste tubes in the s. Through , toothpaste contained soap. After , toothpaste manufacturers replaced soap with other ingredients to make toothpaste a smoother paste with ingredients found in present-day toothpaste.
With the advancement of dentistry and research in the later twentieth century, modern toothpaste was developed to prevent or treat specific diseases and conditions such as tooth sensitivity and tooth decay. Manufacturers created fluoride toothpaste to help prevent corrosion in Manufacturers and dentists realized abrasive toothpaste ingredients could wear away or damage enamel, so toothpastes with very low abrasiveness were also developed.
Toothpaste today typically contains fluoride, coloring, flavoring, sweetener, and ingredients that make the toothpaste smooth, foam and stay moist. Storing toothpaste in tubes is used throughout the world now! It's hard to believe toothbrushes and toothpaste started with such ingredients as hair and bone. Modern toothbrushes and kinds of toothpaste provide a technological advantage in design to clean hard to reach areas and the proper ingredients to help you improve your oral hygiene now.
It is defined as a deliberate attempt to deceive consumers by copying and marketing goods bearing well-known trade marks, together with packaging and product appearance. While cosmetics can be fun to use, the behind-the-scenes work that goes into creating them involves serious, highly advanced science.
To put just one new product on the shelves can take up to five years, with a dozen senior scientists working on it, each supported by their own team of scientists. Every cosmetic, toiletry and perfumery product will include certain information that will help make sure you buy what you are looking for, explains how the product should be used to get the best results, and how to use it safely.
We have all been concerned about saving energy for many years; after all, whether it is gas, electricity or petrol for our cars, it is expensive. But now we continually hear about carbon footprints. What are they and how useful an idea is it? Life Cycle Thinking LCT seeks to identify possible improvements to goods and services in the form of lower environmental impacts and reduced use of resources across the whole life of the product, called its whole life cycle.
Any business, even non-profit organisations, must earn enough money to pay its costs and to invest for the future. When we think about sustainability, we often think about activities such as reducing water, energy, waste and the amount of materials used.
In this section we'll explore these activities. The cosmetics industry starts from a good position when considering social responsibility because it plays an essential role in everyone's life. Cosmetic products sold in Europe are not tested on animals.
This is true whether or not the product makes an 'animal friendly' claim. The cosmetics industry is committed to the search for alternatives to the use of animals. Industry's efforts are based upon five key principles outlined in this section. Palm oil and palm kernel oil are natural oils extracted from the fruit of the Elaeis Guineensis palm plant.
In , the world market for palm oil and palm kernel oil was estimated to be approximately 60 million metric tons. PFAS per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances is the term given to a large group of substances, with different properties. The phthalates make up a family of substances each with its own, unique, spectrum of properties, united only because they each have a similar chemical group somewhere in the molecular structure.
Soaps and anti-bacterial hand wash are effective tools for protecting you from viruses that are very easily spread from person to person. We all realise that brushing our teeth with toothpaste is necessary for healthy teeth and gums.
Evidence has been found that even prehistoric man cleaned his teeth - using grasses as an early form of dental floss. But do we understand what is in our toothpastes, and why they work? In the section 'about our teeth' we saw that teeth are composed of layers. Damage to these layers and to the gums can lead to oral problems such as tooth decay.
In particular the enamel outer layer is constantly under attack. It can be chipped or damaged and can be dissolved by acid. Dental plaque is a mixture of bacteria firmly adhering to the tooth surface. Toothpastes contain mild abrasives which physically scrub away the plaque and food debris without damaging the tooth enamel. Most toothpastes contain fluoride which protects the tooth enamel.
Some also contain antimicrobial ingredients to reduce the formation of plaque which could lead to tartar build-up and further problems. It is found naturally in some foods such as tea, fish, vegetables and fruit juices, but its inclusion into toothpaste has been a major public health advance. Fluoride has been the major factor in reducing the incidence of dental decay and has been used in toothpastes for almost 50 years.
It works by promoting a chemical reaction in tooth enamel that draws in replacement minerals including calcium. Fluoride incorporates itself into enamel weakened by acid attack, making the tooth more resistant to future acid attacks.
Each make of toothpaste has a slightly different formulation, to appeal to different consumer needs. However, most will contain the following ingredients:.
They must be abrasive enough to do this without damaging the enamel or any exposed dentine. Examples include calcium carbonate, silica and alumina. A common detergent is sodium lauryl sulphate. Humectants eg. The majority of toothpastes on the market are cosmetic products, although some may be licensed medicines.
In both cases, UK and European laws ensure toothpastes are safe for consumers. Whether medicines or cosmetics, a large selection of toothpastes may be found alongside each other on supermarket and pharmacy shelves.
Fluoride is a very safe and effective way to help prevent tooth decay, so is an important ingredient in toothpaste and mouthwashes. Read more on fluoride and tooth decay in young children from NHS Choices.
The levels of fluoride in toothpaste are safe but the advice is not to allow children to swallow large amounts the small amount naturally swallowed is safe and not to use too much paste only a pea-sized amount at one time. The use of fluoride in toothpastes is controlled by European laws for cosmetic products which set the maximum level that can be used. However, recognising that people may feel strongly about this issue and should have personal choice, there are toothpastes widely available that are without fluoride.
The stripes are created by first making the colours in separate vats at the factory. From their separate vats, the coloured stripes are pumped through pipes at the filling machine at carefully controlled speeds and pressures.
At the filling machine, the coloured stripes are brought together with the white toothpaste in correct proportions. Then all three are pumped into the toothpaste tube to form perfect stripes all the way through. This site uses cookies. For more detailed information on the cookies we use, please check our Cookie Policy Select preferences Accept all. Cookie preferences This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Necessary cookies required Necessary cookies enable core functionality.
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Breast cancer myths The media and others repeatedly raise the question of a possible link between use of deodorants and antiperspirants and breast cancer. How do deodorants work? Babies and toddlers Baby lotion Baby's skin is a barrier Oral care for babies and toddlers Sun safety for babies and toddlers Talcum powder Using cosmetics and toiletries on babies and toddlers.
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How do fragrances work? Black henna temporary tattoos There is no such thing as 'black henna' and so-called 'black henna' temporary tattoos can cause painful short and long-term damage to skin and may cause you to develop an allergy which means you can never colour your hair again.
Brazilian hair straighteners "Brazilian" hair straightening products will be illegal if they contain very high levels of formaldehyde, in some instances between 10 and 75 times more than the strict EU cosmetic safety laws permit.
Colour With Confidence Top stylist tips. Is Toothpaste Necessary? By Dr. No Comments 9. What Is in Toothpaste? But usually, you can find these ingredients in your toothpaste: Fluoride : Most toothpaste contains fluoride which can help keep your enamel strong and prevent cavities. Abrasives : These chemicals fight against plaque buildup. Detergents : These chemicals are the reason your toothpaste foams as you brush.
Humectants : Humectants retain water in your toothpaste. This gives it its paste-like consistency. Coloring : Most toothpaste manufacturers add coloring to make their product more appealing. A little bit of minty freshness to accompany your routine can make brushing your teeth a pleasant routine. Gets rid of bad breath : Speaking of minty freshness, using toothpaste can make your mouth smell good.
It contains whitening agents : Some toothpaste contains chemicals that help whiten your teeth. Toothpaste balances the pH of your mouth : The more acidic the pH of your saliva is, the easier tooth decay happens.
Toothpaste has sodium phosphate in it, which brings the pH of your oral cavity down, which is a good thing. It fights tooth sensitivity : If you have sensitive teeth, toothpaste that contains potassium nitrate is a good option. A Professional Dental Cleaning Is Always Necessary Although you can easily go without toothpaste in your daily dental routine, the one thing you should never skip out on is a visit to your dentist.
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