In the near future it may be possible to understand the interactions between the numerous receptors and co-receptors activated by a single signaling molecule, and how these are coordinated. This will lead to a greater understanding of the changes and adjustments in this complex signaling a network that could potentially confer higher survival under selection with auxinic herbicides and lead to resistance evolution. Understanding these currently unknown aspects of auxin action will help to address the numerous and difficult challenges that agriculture will have to face in the future.
Abrir menu Brasil. Scientia Agricola. Abrir menu. Piracicaba, Braz. Introduction Auxin herbicides are similar to the natural auxin indoleacetic acid IAA , as most are organic acids containing an aromatic ring and a carboxyl group and characterized by their low molecular weight George, George, E.
Auxin induced signal transduction The cell responses to auxin at the plasma membrane are characterized by fast metabolic reactions due to the existence of a chemical receptor called Auxin Binding Protein 1 ABP1. Synthetic auxins as herbicides Rahman et al. References Badescu, G. Behrens, M. Berken, A. Chen, J. De Veylder, L. Dewitte, W. George, E. Gleason, C. Grossmann, K. Gutierrez, C. Hertel, R. Heap, I. Jasieniuk, M. Jones, M. Jurado, S. Michelet, B. Maeshima, M.
Mithila, J. Monshausen, G. Mortensen, D. Pereira, C. Pozo, J. Preston, C. Rahman, A. Rayle, D. Santner, A. Sauer, M. Taiz, L. Tan, X. Tromas, A. Walsh, T. Webb, S. Wright, T. Wolf, S. Woodward, A. Yu, F. Xu, T. Zheng, H. Publication Dates Publication in this collection Jul-Aug History Received 13 Oct Accepted 25 Feb This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Figures 2. Google Google Scholar. Auxins were the first class of plant hormones to be discovered. Their main function is to help plants grow and auxin stimulates plant cells to elongate. The tips of the growing stems and roots apical meristem of a plant is one of the main places where auxin is produced.
The apical meristem is also the location that all other parts of a plant grow from - the stem, leaves and flowers. Auxins are one specific group of hormones that are used:. Selective weedkillers kill some plants, but not others. Leaves will drop and shoot tips may die, followed by stem dieback in trees and vines.
Growth may resume depending on the level of exposure. Regrowth is sometimes limited to buds on the lower part of the plants. Regrowth may exhibit severe shoot and petiole twisting, leaf cupping, stunting, curling, strapping, feathering, roughness, crinkling of the leaf surface, vein discoloration, and fingering of the leaf margins.
Auxin herbicides may inhibit interveinal tissue growth making veins appear to be joined together and extended to form finger-like projections. In trees, ornamental shrubs, and grapevines, symptoms may continue to appear until the end of the growing season. In grapevines, 2,4-D symptoms from high concentrations may continue to appear in the second year after exposure. Severely injured grapevines may not recover for two years or more.
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Science : 95— Tributyl phosphate as a solvent for preparing concentrated and oil-miscible solutions of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and similar substances.
Science : Goddard, D. The respiration of cells and tissues. Hamner, C. A new-type atomizer for large-scale application of 2,4-D. PubMed Article Google Scholar. Effect of treating soil and seeds with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on germination and development of seedlings.
Selective herbicidal action of midsummer and fall applications of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Herbicidal action of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on several shrubs, vines and trees.
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