Air turbulence in the upper atmosphere. Even if the air is still all around you, it may be turbulent at higher altitudes. This will blur details, limiting the amount of magnification power you can use. Twinkling stars is an indication of air turbulence.
On such nights it is best to lower the magnification power to get the sharpest view. Turbulent nights are best for viewing objects like star clusters and nebulae. Steady nights allow one to boost power and get a closer look at lunar craters, close double stars, and fine details on the nearer planets.
Created with Sketch. Toggle menu Call us at: Open Mon-Fri Pacific Time. Login or Sign Up 0. Reducer Flatteners for other telescopes 4. M69 Extension Tubes and Spacer Rings 9. Starlight Xpress ZWO. Cases Covers. Your head should be placed on the stock in the position you will be shooting the most. For instance, if you sight in a gun while shooting off a bench rest, your head tends to sneak up on the stock a bit.
If this gun is then used for snap shooting for deer in the woods, your eye relief and sight picture might not be optimal. Always mount your scope so you don't have to move your head for optimal field of view. Move the scope to your eye, not your eye to the scope. As we have already discussed, a scope in the magnification range for a whitetail deer gun is pretty standard. In Western states for mule deer or antelope, a or 4. On the plains or in open country you can even leave your scope at a higher power.
You can often see all around you, with little chance of an animal surprising you, which they seem to do occasionally, anyway. In some cases you might have to shoot from hilltop to hilltop, or mountain to mountain. Hunting scopes in this magnification range are excellent for target shooting as well. For prairie dogs or long-range target shooting, a x or x variable scope does not have too much power. Keep in mind though, on hot days, mirage and heatwaves can make a high power scope almost unusable.
Some people prefer fixed power scopes for their simplicity and fewer moving parts. On some rifles, people like nothing more than a fixed 4x. Squirrel rifles and many. Some target shooters use fixed-power scopes with high magnification such as 24, 36, or 40 power. A 2x scope is the most common for a handgun in a magnified scope.
The more magnification you have, the harder it is to find your sight picture and target, and the more critical and closer your eye relief becomes. Shooting a handgun with a scope requires lots of practice, especially with anything over 2x. Higher powered variable scopes are really for the experienced shooter and are used almost exclusively from a rested position. Shotgun scopes and muzzle loaders often have lower power scopes for short-range deer hunting with slugs, and for turkey.
Again, a fixed 2x is fairly standard, but the trend is for variable power or even scopes. Sabot slugs for shotguns and muzzleloaders fly much faster and flatter than the Foster-type slugs and Maxi Balls they replaced not too long ago.
These new projectile types make shots that were way out of range just two decades ago now very possible. Parallax is often factory set at 50, 60, or 75 yards. Shotgun and muzzleloader scopes generally have maximum available eye relief to prevent "scope eye. Let's talk about objective lens sizes. It's trendy these days to have large objective lenses of 50, 56, or even 75mm and more in some cases.
In most cases, these are unwarranted, and the largest ones are laughable. Large objective lenses will only transmit more useable light than smaller ones if they are set at their highest power in the dimmest conditions.
The detriment is comfort and ease of eye alignment. With a properly mounted scope, you should be able to close your eyes, shoulder your gun with a proper, repeatable stock weld the stock weld is firm but comfortable and repeatable position of your face on the gun stock , open your eyes, and look directly through the center of your scope every time. Large objective lenses prevent this from happening because of the ring height required to keep such a large lens off your gun barrel.
Some scopes require such high mounting that only your chin touches the stock. These scopes are also heavier, clumsier, unwieldy, unbalanced to carry, slower and less comfortable to shoot. Some of these scopes weigh up to an unbelievable 3. Kind of like towing a motorcycle trailer or taping a bowling ball to your head.
Leupold has their excellent VX-L line of scopes that combine a large objective lens with a contoured bottom that doesn't interfere with your gun barrel, and lets you mount up to a 56mm lens with low rings! The larger 30mm main tubes on some scopes are most useful for allowing for a greater range of elevation adjustments, not greater light transmission, although resolution can improve.
In fact, most 30mm scopes have the same size lenses that are in 1in tubes. Again, a larger tube does not mean more light. Most scopes, especially in America, have main tubes that are 1 inch in diameter. That means that they use 1in rings. Some scopes have 30mm main tubes. Those scopes will use 30mm rings. There are several main types of bases that are used to connect the rings to your firearm.
You need to know what kind of base you have to find out the exact type of the 1in or 30mm rings you will use for your specific scope.
The height of the rings is determined mainly by the objective lens diameter, but also the barrel thickness, action size and type, ocular bell diameter, and bolt lift. Here is my article on Choosing Mounts, Rings, and bases. Most scopes are fogproof and waterproof. Most scopes have coated lenses. The coatings are expensive and vary in type, number, and quality. It is very possible to have a scope with single-coated lenses to greatly outperform a scope with multicoated lenses.
It all depends on the quality of the glass and the coatings. Good quality does not come cheap. Coatings reduce glare, and loss of light due to reflection. More coatings normally lead to better light transmission and sharper contrast. Many coatings are also scratch resistant. Field of view FOV is measured in feet at yards. This is the amount of view you see through your scope from right to left at that distance.
As magnification is increased, FOV goes down. As magnification is decreased, FOV goes up. For instance, a typical 3x variable scope might have a FOV at yards of a bit over 30 feet, and at 9x, the FOV would be around 14 feet.
A larger objective lens diameter will not change these figures. Field of view is directly related to the construction of the eyepiece.
Another trend today is the sale of anything called "tactical. Real military snipers use top-quality fixed 10x scopes most often. These have mil-dot reticles that, in the hands of a practiced individual or team of two, often with calculators and knowing the approximate size of their target, can estimate distance and hold-over or elevation clicks.
Almost all mil-dot calculations must be made with scopes at their highest power. Fixed power scopes eliminate miscalculations by having a scope set at less than its highest power. The "mil" in mil-dot does not mean military. It means milliradian , a unit of measurement, and is about 3. Stateside law enforcement agencies most often use variable scopes of the highest quality, and mil-dot type reticles are not often used. They clutter the field of view, and the longest shots almost ever taken are across a street, well under yards.
Range estimation with a reticle is never required. Mil-dot reticles in most people's scopes are nothing but a gimmick and an added expense. They will never use them the way they were designed, which is fine. You can still use them in the field to more accurately estimate hold-over at distances, especially for prairie dogs or plinking, or just because you want it. The reticles in a mil-dot do subtend cover more of your target than necessary, though.
But buy what you like for any reason. You don't have to buy or not buy something because of someone else's opinion, or use it as designed. High-quality scopes are repeatable. That is, if you adjust your windage and elevation dials for point of impact at one setting, then move them around and shoot in different places, then back to the original place, the point of impact will be the same as it was when you started.
Good quality scopes will also move the point of impact when you adjust your dials, without having to "settle in. Sadly, more often than not, lesser quality scopes won't do this without shooting a few times first, to "settle in" the scope's internal adjustments. Some people "tap" on their scope with a coin or cartridge case to help this process. But repeatability is not that important in many scopes.
Generally, you will sight in a rifle and leave it alone except for minor adjustments required due to changes in ammunition type. If you have a. This is a unit of measurement of a circle, and is 1. For all practical purposes, it is called 1 inch at yards. Optical sights such as the telescopic sights used by hunters and the tactical sights used by military and police offer several distinct advantages over conventional iron or open sights.
The hunter's telescopic sight brings the target in close even at long distances where iron sights would all but totally obscure the target. Tactical sights offer a instant, wide view sight picture that allows fast, instinctive shooting under pressure. Traditional glass sights have, however, always had one fault: the scope's poor light gathering characteristics which see the reticles or aiming point disappear in low visibility conditions.
Fortunately the illuminated reticle rifle scope has addressed this problem by allowing users to continue shooting in all ambient light conditions.
Illuminated optical sights adhere to the same fundamental designs as conventional sights with wire or engraved reticles or cross hairs located between magnification and focusing optics. In the case of the illuminated reticle rifle scope, the design deviates with the addition of an independent light source that illuminates the reticle when required.
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